On a summer morning in August 1485, the fate of England was decided in the fields near Market Bosworth in Leicestershire. The Battle of Bosworth, one of the most consequential clashes in English history, marked the dramatic end of the Wars of the Roses and heralded the beginning of a new royal dynas

To fully understand why oil wasn’t used, it’s important to consider the economy of the time: Olive oil was primarily produced in Mediterranean regions and was a luxury item in the north.   It was used for cooking, lighting, religious rituals, and medicinal purpose

While medieval chronicles don’t mention boiling oil frequently, later literature and art began to depict it as a staple of siege warfare. This shift may have begun in the Renaissance and became more entrenched in the 18th and 19th centuries. In 19th-century paintings and historical novels,

Castle defense was a comprehensive science in the medieval period. Instead of relying on a single dramatic tactic like boiling oil, defenders employed an array of strategies supported by architecture: 1. Murder Holes Located in ceilings of gatehouses or towers, these small openings allowed def